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California Penal Code § 490.5– Civil Demand Letters in Shoplifting Cases

California Penal Code § 490.5 deals with civil demand letters in shoplifting cases. A civil demand letter asks for payment for any losses the retailer incurred because of a person’s alleged shoplifting. The law authorizes retailers to demand damages of not less than fifty dollars ($50) nor more than five hundred dollars ($500), plus costs from the alleged shoplifter. Consequently, the amount of money requested in a civil demand letter can often greatly exceed the value of the items that were attempted to be taken or were taken.  

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Encabezado1: Sección 288 del Código Penal de California: Defensa contra cargos de actos lascivos o libidinosos

En California, un acto lascivo o libidinoso se define en el Código Penal de California, concretamente en el artículo 288[2]. Esta ley prohíbe a cualquier persona cometer intencionadamente un acto lascivo o libidinoso con un niño menor de 14 años.

Un “acto lascivo o libidinoso” puede incluir cualquier acto que implique tocar el cuerpo de un niño con la intención de despertar los deseos sexuales del autor adulto o del niño. Los casos de California han aplicado la definición del diccionario de la palabra

California Penal Code Section 288: Defense Against Lewd or Lascivious Acts Charges

In California, a lewd or lascivious act is defined by the California Penal Code, specifically under Section 288[2]. This law prohibits any person from willfully committing a lewd or lascivious act upon a child who is under the age of 14 years.

A “lewd or lascivious act” can include any act that involves touching a child’s body while having the intention of arousing the sexual desires of either the adult perpetrator or the child. California cases have applied the dictionary definition of the word “lewd” as meaning obscene,